Medical Rarities: 40 More Facts About Rare Disorders – Part 3

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1Depersonalization Disorder

Depersonalization Disorder

Depersonalization disorder (also known as depersonalization-derealization disorder) is a mental disorder in which the person feels detached from reality and/or their own body. The person perceives the world as foggy, dreamlike/surreal, or visually distorted.


2. Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome is a rare inherited genetic disorder that causes uncontrollable self-injury starting at the age of 2 with biting of the lips and fingers. Virtually all patients are male and female carriers are usually asymptomatic, but can transmit the trait to their male children.


3. Body dysmorphic disorder, occasionally still called dysmorphophobia, is a mental disorder characterized by the obsessive idea that some aspect of one's own body part or appearance is severely flawed and therefore warrants exceptional measures to hide or fix it.


4. Sick building syndrome is a condition in which people in a building suffer from symptoms of illness or become infected with chronic disease from the building in which they work or reside. Misplanned aerodynamics and defective construction materials are among the causes of SBS.


5. Mountains make you fart. High Altitude Flatus Expulsion (HAFE) is a syndrome experienced where the decreased air pressure surrounding your body at altitude causes an increase in the volume of gas in your digestive tract, which makes you have an increased urge to expel this gas.


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6Orthorexia

Orthorexia

Orthorexia, or orthorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that involves an unhealthy obsession with healthy eating.


7. About 14-21% of the human population has a genetic variation known as Linburg-Comstock syndrome. This variation inhibits one’s ability to bend your thumb without also bending your pointer finger.


8. Hearing your own voice and/or breathing in your ears is not normal. It can be caused by Patulous Eustachian tube disorder. The tube helps equalize pressure in your head. It’s normally closed but stays open occasionally with the disorder. It only affects about 1% of the population.


9. Fish Odor Syndrome is a psychologically disabling condition in which a patient emits a foul odor, which resembles that of rotting fish.


10. A brain syndrome called Mirrored-Touch Synesthesia causes people to physically feel what other people are feeling just by looking at them.


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11Floating-Harbor Syndrome

Floating-Harbor Syndrome

Floating-Harbor Syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature, delayed bone age, dental problems, visual impairment, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and a distinctive facial appearance. There are less than 50 diagnosed cases worldwide.


12. Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by slowly progressive deterioration (atrophy) of the skin and soft tissues of half of the face (hemifacial atrophy), usually the left side. It is more common in females than in males.


13. The average NBA player has a wingspan-to-height ratio greater than the diagnostic criteria for Marfan syndrome; a disorder that results in abnormally long limbs.


14. For some people, recognizing faces is impossible due to a neurological disorder known as prosopagnosia (also called face blindness). For them, loved ones can appear to be strangers.


15. There is a condition called Musical Ear Syndrome which is characterized by non-psychiatric auditory hallucinations. It is theorized to be caused by hypersensitivity in the auditory cortex caused by the sensory deprivation that is often seen in hearing loss.


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16Agoraphobia

Agoraphobia

An anxiety disorder called Agoraphobia causes you to have an extreme fear of places. If it is severe enough, you may not even be able to leave your home. You may not be able to visit with family and friends, go to school or work, run errands, or take part in other normal daily activities.


17. Adermatoglyphia is an extremely rare genetic disorder that prevents the development of fingerprints. Five extended families worldwide are known to be affected by this condition.


18. Cutis laxa is a connective tissue disorder in which the skin becomes inelastic and hangs loosely in folds, making one look old/older than they are.


19. Resignation Syndrome is an illness where children who have experienced great trauma and uncertainty slip into a coma-like state for months or years at a time.


20. Polished Anus Syndrome (Perianal Dermatitis) affects around 5% of the US population. It is caused by wiping too hard with dry toilet paper.


21Streff Syndrome

Streff Syndrome

Streff Syndrome is a rare condition that is predominantly seen in pre-teens. Its diagnostic criteria is eyesight deterioration caused by extreme emotional stress.


22. The Medical Student Syndrome is a condition experienced by medical students who perceive they are suffering from the disease they are studying.


23. There is a rare medical condition called Uncombable Hair Syndrome where the hair does not grow downward, but out from the scalp in multiple directions and cannot be flattened down.


24. Solipsism is a psychological state in which a person feels that reality is not external to their mind. The syndrome is characterized by feelings of loneliness, detachment and indifference to the outside world.


25. Empty Nose Syndrome is a horrific condition you can develop after nasal surgery that gives you a 24/7 feeling of suffocation and has caused several of its sufferers to commit suicide.

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