Egas Moniz Won Lobotomy Nobel

Portuguese neurologist António Egas Moniz developed the lobotomy, a highly invasive brain procedure later viewed as one of modern medicine’s worst mistakes. At the time, doctors used it to treat serious psychiatric conditions, and Moniz’s work gained major institutional approval. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949 for the procedure, despite its reputation collapsing as its harm became more apparent.

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