During the Chinese Islamic insurgency in the 1860s and 1870s under the Qing dynasty, over 20 million people lost their lives. The rebels, primarily Hui Muslims from the provinces of Shaanxi and Gansu, rose up against the Qing government in what became known as the Dungan Revolt. The conflict led to massive casualties, with one province losing 14 million people and the neighboring province losing 6 million.
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