By October 2025 one or two SpaceX Starlink satellites were falling out of orbit and reentering the Earth’s atmosphere daily. More than 8,000 Starlink satellites remained overhead, but spacecraft in low Earth orbit typically last only five to seven years before requiring replacement. Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Smithsonian, estimated that expanding satellite constellations could one day produce five reentries a day. Scientists are continuing to study how vaporized satellite metals may impact the atmosphere.
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